HVAC “Smart” Zoning Controls
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Summary
Many single-zone HVAC
systems do not operate as efficiently
Or comfortably as
possible due to different space conditioning
needs. HVAC
"smart" zoning technology consists of dampers
and electronic
controls that attach to standard central air
systems. By providing
controlled damping at the base of each
branch duct, multiple
zones can save energy and increase
occupant comfort and
convenience.
Details
For the past 10 to15
years, manufacturers have adapted commercial/industrial zoning technology for
residential applications. Research Products Corporation's (RP) complete system
divides the home into two or three zones, with one thermostat in each zone. It
works with single-stage gas, oil, heat pump or electric HVAC equipment or
internally staged, multi-stage equipment. The control system includes automatic
dampers that fit into the ducts and a control panel that allows for the
feedback of information between thermostat set (which is programmable), indoor
climate and damper position. The drive damper actuator assembly does not use
wear- and friction-producing gears for damper control. Instead, a synthetic
cord transfers the motor rotation to the lever arm. Flexible-link or air-driven
dampers are considered more
reliable than typical
gear-driven dampers for controlling HVAC system zone output. Mechanical,
electric, digital, or programmable thermostats by other manufacturers or by RP
can be used.
Benefits/Costs
It is most
cost-effective to install when the HVAC system is being replaced, or in new
construction. RP claims that proper installation can result in 10 to 20% energy
savings by thermostat
setbacks to prevent over-conditioning zones. Comfort is more readily achieved
in each zone, and additional, targeted thermostats are more convenient to
control than those at a single location. The RP thermostat is attractive and
appears easy to read and program.
Limitations
Retrofitting into an
existing system will entail some disassembly, although RP claims its system is
easier to install than comparable zone control systems.
If a barometric bypass
damper is not used, proper duct oversizing is necessary to prevent equipment
damage.
Code/Regulatory
The Sheet Metal and
Air Conditioning National Association (SMACNA) and Air Conditioning Contractors
Association (ACCA) oversee duct sizing and installation standards.
Availability
Comparable systems are
available from other manufacturers such as Carrier, Durazone, Lennox, Trane,
and Trollatemp.
Contact(s)
If you have any
specific questions about this technology and/or its applications, please
contact the following resources.
Research Products
Corporation
P.O. Box 1467
Madison, WI 53701-1467
800-334-6011
Sheet Metal and Air
Conditioning National Association
4201 Layfayette Center
Drive
Chantilly, VA
22022-1209
703-803-3732
Air Conditioning
Contractors of America
1513 16th Street N.W.
Washington, DC 20036
202-438-9370
Fact Sheet Source
The material provided
in this section is used with permission by the National Association of Home
Builders Research Center and the Partnership for Advancing Technology in
Housing (PATH).
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